Price Analysis - a Top-Down Approach

In a previous article I mentioned that my analysisat its proximity to the support and resistance barriers
involves monitoring price action, in order to gain anwithin the framework, and also gain clues from
insight into the short term sentiment of the market.changes in momentum or volatility.
Determining who is in control at that time - the bulls* Is the current price swing, faster or slower than
or the bears. And assessing how they're likely topreceding swings within that trend? Is the current
respond to changes in the market.price swing speeding up, or slowing down?
I thought today I'd prepare a quick article to give an* Is the volatility changing? Is the average range of
overview of how I analyze price. Those of you whothe price bars increasing or decreasing?
know me know that I'm a great fan of candlestick* These sorts of questions regarding changes of
charting. However, price analysis is much more thanvolatility and momentum can give you clues into the
just watching for your favorite candlestick patterns.changing strength of the trend, and the likelihood of
Too many people just teach the candlestick patterns,a reversal at, or continuation through, an area of
which are fine, but in my opinion there's somesupport or resistance.
essential analysis missing that an astute trade needs* If you want to get experienced at this, it takes
to consider BEFORE they look at price action andtime. Review price charts over and over, identifying
respond to every candlestick or bar chart pattern.how changes of momentum and volatility precede
Let's have a look at what I mean.either a continuation or reversal of that trend.
Price analysis for me is essentially a top downHaving gained an appreciation of the strength of the
approach, working from the macro level of Markettrend, and its location within the support and
Structure (so we analyze the big picture first), thenresistance framework, ONLY THEN, finally, do I
down to the current Trend within that structure, andconcern myself with the current price action to
only then do we look at the current price pattern,determine the bullish or bearish sentiment (or more
whether through candlestick analysis or whateverparticularly a potential change of sentiment) through
other method works for you.candlestick analysis.
So I basically start off with a wide view of theWhat does this little bit of extra work give me?
market, and drill down to the detail in the currentHere's an example:
price bar or pattern.Instead of entering short on a shooting star reversal
I prefer to do this over two timeframes.pattern, just because it matches the shooting star
The market structure is defined primarily on a higherdiagram in my book on candlestick patterns, I will first
timeframe. For me, as a daytrader, that's the oneconduct further price analysis regarding the trend and
hour charts. Of course, if you trade differently to mehow it moves within the support and resistance
then that can be any other time period you wish.framework. For example, the price may have just
Just make it higher than the timeframe you trade onmeandered slowly up to a major resistance level. The
- I recommend by at least a factor of four.current price swing may clearly show less momentum
Then on the shorter timeframe (what I call thethan both the previous upswing and downswing. And
trading timeframe) I refine the market structure athe price bar range may be narrowing. This gives a
little further, analyze the movement and strength ofreduced likelihood of the commitment required from
the trend, and then assess the bullish or bearishthe bulls to break through the area of increased
sentiment based on the current price patterns.supply. The shooting star pattern provides evidence
For me, the trading timeframe's anywhere from 1of a clear rejection of prices at that resistance level.
minute to 5 minute charts, depending on the marketThis provides me with a lower risk or higher
and its volatility, and how well the price is flowing.probability trade in the short direction.
So, what do I mean by market structure, trendAnother example:
analysis and price analysis?Instead of entering long on a harami cross reversal
Firstly Market Structure:pattern, just because it matches the harami cross in
* The higher timeframe chart is opened and anymy book on candlestick patterns, I'll conduct further
areas of major support or resistance are identifiedanalysis to see where this pattern occurs within the
and clearly marked on the chart.bigger picture of market structure. For example, the
* Support & Resistance for me are areas oftrend may show a strong and accelerating move
past price congestion, swing highs or lows, or gaps.downward, on greatly increased volume, extending
That doesn't include any 'guessing' at future supportprice rapidly to great distances below its average,
or resistance, via the use of pivots points orright into an area of major support. This is an area
Fibonacci levels. I'm not a fan of these analysiswhere I expect increased demand is likely to be
techniques. Of course, if they work for you, good onsufficient to absorb and overcome the force of the
you, keep using them.bears who have spent all their energy on the
* My expectation when I trade is that there is aclimactic move downwards. This is an area where I
higher probability of price stalling or reversing at theseexpect price to find support. The harami cross shows
areas of major support or resistance.a clear halting of the rapid move down, and allows
* I then narrow my focus to the shorter tradingme an opportunity to enter a low risk trade close to
timeframe and add to the market structurean area of major price support.
framework, by identifying areas of minor support orSeriously, the end result might be the same, but at
resistance. (Typically we look on the current trendleast I've entered based on a reasonable assessment
first, but you may at times need to look backof the price action in order to maximize the potential
beyond the current trend, to previous market action,for a lower risk or higher probability trade. Over a
to find applicable areas of minor support orlifetime of trading I expect this approach will produce
resistance)more favorable results than just entering because
* Once again, these come from areas of congestion,the pattern matched one I'd memorized from a book.
swing highs or lows, or gaps. That is, areas which areOk, a bit of a summary, and I know this is a bit of
proven to stall price movement or reverse pricerepetition for those familiar with my work, but don't
direction. My expectation with minor support orjust blindly take your entry triggers. Think about
resistance is for a higher probability of minor supportwhere they occur within the bigger picture structure
holding in an uptrend, and minor resistance holding in aof the market.
downtrend.The market structure defines where you trade. The
* That's it for Market Structure - simply identifying atrigger, whether a candlestick pattern or some other
support and resistance framework within which priceform of entry trigger, tells you when to get in, ONLY
moves. Simple!when you've first met the requirements of the
Having defined our market structure, or a frameworkmarket structure rule.
within which price will move, we now focus ourThink about where the current price movement is
attention on the current trend. This occurs, as doeswithin a framework of support and resistance. Think
all further analysis, on the trading timeframe.about the changing strength of the current trend, or
* I conduct analysis on the trend to identify itsprice swing, as it approaches this area of support or
strength. Is the trend moving strongly, in which caseresistance. Watch for signs of strength or weakness
we can anticipate it being more likely to breakin the trend, through the clues evident in changes of
through the next support or resistance levels, or is itmomentum and volatility.
weakening, in which case we have a greaterAnd don't forget - ALWAYS USE STOPS, because
probability of the support or resistance levels formingthere are no guarantees. This is a game of
a barrier to further price movement?probabilities.
* We determine the strength of the trend by looking